Ments



E11. SWEETLAND.

FILTER.

APPLlcMxoN FILED JUNE 24. 19m.

Il n E. L SWEETLAND.

FILTER.

Y APIUCATIN FILED ILINEZ'S. ISIS. Ll'.

Patented June 3, 1919.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

IIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIYI E. J. SWEETLAND.

FILTER.

APPUCTUN HLEDIUNE24|19|5. 1,305,317. Patented June 3,1913

V 4 SHETS-SHT Q.

E ma] y nuenfo,

S5513 Liv @Hojzmcl UNITED .STATE PATENT OFFICE.

ERNEST J. SWEETLAND. OF MON'ICLAIR, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGN- MENTS, T0 UNITED FILTERS CORPORATON, A CORPORATION 0F DELAWARE.

FILTER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented J une 3, 1919.

Application tiled .T une 24. 1816. Serial No. 105,783.

sex, and Stute of New Jersey, have invented certainrnew and useful Improvements in Filters, of which the following is a specifica-- tion.

M invention relates particularly to what are nown inthe art as pressure filters in which the sludge or liquid containing impurities or matter which it is desired to recover, is pumped under pressure into a container or casing, the only outlet from which is through the filtering surface of a number of filter elements or filter leaves. In apparatus of this general type it is de'- sirable to oonstruct the filter so that the removed to one side.

easing will be under ready control for purpose of filtration and cleaning, and it is further desirable to position the leaves Within the filter so as to obtain a maximum filtering effect while, at the same time, permitting their ready removal from the casing for the purpose of discharging of the filter cake which may have been deposited upon them by the process ot' filtration, and in order to effect any necessary repairs or replacement. In aoeomplishing these purposes, it is also ecorz'rtl to occupy a minimum area of fioor space, and, at the same time, to supplv the filter with such control means that it may be readily handled by a minimum number of attendants without impairing its eiiieieney during the various events of charging, filtration and cleaning or dumping.

In the accompanying drawings which form a part of this specification, Figure 1 is f an end elevation of one type of filter embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of this filter. Figi. 3 is a top view ofthe structure of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 shows the filter elements lifted clear of the filter casing and the latter Fig. 5 is a detail view of the head of one of the filter leaves. Fig. (i is a view similar to Fig. Q, but showing the filter in horizontal instead of vertical position. Fig. 7 shows the head and filter leaves raised clear of the filter casing and illustrates one method ot' hingiug the leaves to the head. Fig. 8 is a view similar to Fig. 5 showing a modification. Figs. fl and 10 are fragmentary views on au enlarged scale `dmwiug a typo of locking bolt which is par ticularly advantageous in connection with the type of filter illustrated. Fig. 11 is a side elevation of a filter supplied with means for continuous rotation, if desired, and Fig. 12 is a detail longitudinal sectional view on line X1I-XII of Fig. 4.

Referring to the drawings in detail, Figs. 1 and 2 designate vertical supporting posts which are connected at the top by a beam 3. Between these posts are parallel horizontal rails -t and 5, suitably supported upon these posts and other vertical posts 6. Trucks i' and 8 are provided, respectively, with wheels 9 and 10 sup orted upon the respective rails 4 and 5. wiveled upon the truck 7 is a support 11 for the filter casing 12, the opposite side of which is rotatably mounted upon the truck 8, by means ot' a trunnion or hollow gudgeon 13, (see Figs. 4 and 1Q) connecting it at one end with a stelling box 14, which affords communication from the pipe 15 through the trunnion to a pipe 16 which, in turn, is connected with a pipe 1T that enters the casing at the point 18, which is at the bottom of the casing when the latter is in the horizontal position shown in Fig. 6.

he casing is provided at one end with a detachable head 19, and a finiti-tight joint between the head and the main body of the casing is afforded by any suitable means. such as swing bolts 20 entering between the lugs 21 forming a part of the head1 Suitable gaskets, not'shown, may be used to insure a watertight joint. To the head is secured a'plurality of filter leaves 22, which may be preferably hingedly fastened to the head as indicated in Figs. 4, 5 and 7. In this type of construction the bottom of the head is provided with a plurality of depending lugs 23, through each of which passes a bolt Q4, adapted to enter a. suitable socket in a lug :25, projeeting from one corner of the upper edge of the filter member or leaf. The other corner of the leaf is provided with a similar lug 26, through which is a passage 27, leading to the internal drainage area 28. This may be formed of heavy reticulaled fabrif, such as coarse wire screen, both faces of which are preferably covered with filter fabi-ie Q9, the whole being surrounded hy the peripheral frame Q0. A fitting :2l is cured in any .suitable manner to the pentimof the head adjareut to the lug 2V ma! tatahly receives a short pipo or hippie ."f

'tho portion of tho lm fl @imaging the e;

ii'liivli w iiioiiiivd in the open end of the psw Y li will lio seen that thii` folio-trom u :ill'olilH u clear passage foi the filtrate from 1li@ iiiiei'iml drainage 'ui-Ga of the filter limi' through passaggi 22T, nipple 32, into tho ssngzilll'- m lliiI liliiiigr 3l. This latter pastlimi luid through :i ,Qt-tige glass: 3l 0 lilo oilily( manifold 35. i

lilo illioilivin-3, when in operative posilimis im iiiwfurzillly moisi-od together at. their lowlimiglia lli :swam of yokos 3G (Soo Fig. T) lo llliliars T and Ell# pivoted at 39 tothe @mitral mit. lt will he observed that. these fwiiiiiil jwllof'n iiiliprs muy be ioadily forced meithi lomo' edge of tho peripheral frame if? mili lult' mid tlm maintain the leaves uniformly spared :mtl prevent them from wringing, Mullins im' lifting the hond und ilu :iltirilii-l lgiltci iwmliers out of the casing is proiiilw in ii sabio it) iittiichofl :it one end to tlm limiti by mmm of zi ring bolt, 4l. and p:iiiig moi ,whmiw -l'. :md 43 iiiouiitfed upon lilo benin The cable may be atliwlmi ii- :i i il` hoisting niuvlizuiisin, ii-li. tor iiislliii tho drum 14.7, mounted on :i sliail't lf. to L liicli if, would il goin' lv'j, i hill-f willi :i wir l? ou Shaft, lo, which i.-. :idniilrd to iw rotated by means of a fsi'ilil; lil'.

'iluiwilvl imiiiioiil may pIPi'ernlily liipi'miilwl with llii'oo Controlling valve#` 5U, Dl :md 5L'. lliiilii normal Pondltions of ogm-:alim: the iltinto muy be dist'lizirgod ilii'oiigh ilii: wilvu 5U. while the other valves uit. ilonail. Foi' piupoes of manipulation amd wlmi; iig. thv vulves il mid muy be l"nti'w i* i-oiiiiuetvd Lo si lfoliiprwisod air il il vllwlilim liml lilik int-nm of flexin iw' riintiilili uoohiliiuns, riot shown.. lili i iig muy liu Fol mi about ils tir-(llis- .i Ithilxxie- -lio mimiion) by i Worn: fill iiiwrliiiig with u worm wlw-imi olmo tilt' iii'ojevliog ond ol' .nii/ii lll.

i ol' lli.x suing holtA 25) illuso-:nihil Y1*- T iiivluail'e. i prefer in man); uw fmthe iliriiw. shown in Ngs. iii :his foi-lil ol apparatus each i im inimiiitml upon tho body ol: tho losing l lli mimos ol' :1 short shaft, 5G, of ilie bolt living muniti-iv with referente tt.- alle Qiio's, olh thu luft. lw lutter living jmirmilod in tlm lli; SlT :is rlvzirly shown in Digs. 9 und l0. 'llliisimil muy liv iii-ovidi-d with an extonlliiig mul :im to wlliifli i :ittaffliwl thu lmsidll; fill. 'l'lw oilioi' vxtivmily of the swing holt ma: litl provided willi thij mito lill wdzxptid io ingzego the lug` 2l upon the head lil, n# below. ll will he soon that wiwi; the lini'idh is iii thi pmiition shown in Figs. -l ind lll.. the axis ol' llw ovm-nhiu portioii of thea Shaft 3'? io in llo posiloti most leiiiol from the liuto oli tlm holt` sind iii thi: position the holt will bi tightly toilsinned in place, thus dixiirmly against the favo of lh. body of tho filter' casing ifi 'l'ien it is desired to loostn ilzi' Simpl)v iiot'essiiry to Swing thv Wai-il iii the diivctioii :shown la in Fig. SL `(')Wiiig 'to the muet-:om iq ol' the shaft 5T, this will autoimitii-allj; mimmo the Mansion in the bolts and will permit them to lie readily withdrawn from the logis tf1, with ouL loosening the nuts 60. lli jzl'nitiuo l lnd it desirable to force the humilla.' blightly farther to the left than tho position indimind in Fig. 9. lilou the extrano position of tho ifotventriiis passed. tho device thereby liccoinos self-locking and there no ondeucy for it lo jar open, hy thv handle swinging in the direction of .the :iii-ow iii Fig. 9.

In Fig. 8 I have Shoi'i'ii si, iifoililii-iiion in which the filter lezu'cs im) not, hinged to the hand so as to swingr will inferi-nce thereto` but are rigidly olilmi: ilomfliw ably, iwiuotl to it. Vln tiiiileA lisililtcr leaf is piovitliitl nl mi l: of' its a i' roi'nls with the uj'maiiilly pi'ojwroi loggia lll mil lli. The lug lil is solid, whilv providvd with :l plwsiigv lili. lmislif tht? interior of thu log to ii lriliii iii up through o. suitable lioiifiiiig of wl ln integral with thil lmlil lawliiig; tlicliubly held in place by mimos of ai.

umts it to the outlet manifold f1 llw lug (il muy he held in place lily im oi= o olil upwardly extending stud TU, oli. li iiigfliggem :i not 'Il Clamping lt iig-illust lli@ limlfl, The

111,95 1&1 :ind (i2 iiiu pret'iiuhli' r-mfvli'oal in r'oiuitersiml fev-:its "f2 :md T3. fixings-tively, iii the hund dialing. :nifl @when il :imi may lio provided foi' insuring :l wlitvilighl, joint :it thio point.

In Fig', ll l have illustrated :i liioflilicitioii allowing :.i substantially hulooeed type of lilies' iiliivh may liv, volitinooiisly rotated il 'ring filly portion of the pe: rfoil of filtra,- tiioii. o1' illu-ing the entire int-vital when the filter is in operation. 1n this type of aiptinnitus I provide a Suitable soiiii'u of power, such us motor SO, foi' continuously opmzitin tllil Worm 53. in order to rotatellw gozar 5' and thereby the filter itself. During this opilzitioii it will lio :lppxoviutitl ihnt the alilil l() must be disionnm'teil from the filter hond. :md th(l hook S1 which is adaplod to chingo the oye liolti 41, shown in Figs. 5 :and FL may he fzislvneil out 0f the way iii any i'oiiwliivnt plm'o. as by musing it to engage ai pin 82 on the supporting posty 2. This lyiiiof iltoi' also dities from llmty previously desrrihorl in that the outlet manifold 2li is preferably vorinectcd by suitable piping Hl* to a tiiinriioii und smiling hox (not fifi lill] shown) mounted in the truck 7 and inother respects similar to the trunnion 13 and stuffing box 14. From this second stufiing box the filtrate may be led away in any suitable manner. It will be appreciated that by the provision of a stuffing box in each trunnion, theirocess of filtration may proceed without interruption during the continuous rotation of the filter. It will be seen that the construction of the 'stuffing box and outlet piping associated with the truck 7 will be substantially' like that shown in Fig. 12, which illustrates the stufiing box in the truck 8, except for the omission of theworm wheel 54.

In the operation of the device, the sludge or liquid to be filtered is introduced into the filter casing through the pipe-15, stuffing box 14 and pipes 16 and 17. The only outlet for the liquid (which is usually introduced under a considerable pressure) is through the filter fabric 29 of each filter leaf into the drainage area and thence out through proper passages into the outlet manifold. The filter fabric Q9 effectually bars the passage of any solid material, and such material builds up `on the outside snrface of each leaf in the form of a more or less dense deposit commonly known in the art as filter cake. The process of' filtration may continue, the clear filtrate being drawn offl through the valve 50, until the cakes grow so thick that the rate of' filtration is seriously reduced, when the process may he stopped. the supply of sludge being eut ofi' at its source. At this stage of the operation the swing bolts may be loosened and the head. together with the filter leaves and other adhering filter cake, drawn vertically upward into the position shown in Fig. 4. The body of the filter easing may then he pushed to one side. as illustrated in Fig. 4, the trucks upon which the filter body is mounted` readily rolling along the rails 4 and 5. When the body of the casing is thus clear of the leaves, the solid matter or cake adhering to the leaves may be discharged therefrom into any convenient receptacle below the filter, and as an aid to this process, steam, compressed air, water or other cleaning agent may be introduced into the leaves through the valve 51 of the manifold the valves 50 and 52, meanwhile, being closed. This process, known as reversal of flow is very effective in dislodg ing the cakes, and while 1t is going on, the body of the casing may be inverted from the lposition illustrated in Fig. 4, so as to dump from it any solidmatter which may remain in it. It will be seen that the cleaning of the filter leaves is made particularly easy in the type of filter illustrated in Figs. 4 and 7, since the leaves may be swung apart something in the manner of the leavesmf a book, as shown in Fi 7. All that is necessary to accomplish thls purpose is the release of the yokes or clips 36.".dso indicated in that figure;

Whilethe above process is entirely satis factory in filtering many substances. yet in filtering others the cake does not adhere strongly to the surface of the filter fabric and when such is the case, after shutting off the sup )ly of sludge or liquid to he filtered, and following this up with such an amount of' clear water as may he beneficial. it is desirable to apply suction to the cakes hy closw ing the valves 50 and 51, and opening the valve connected to a vacuum line. The cakes will thus be dried of their moisture and will also be caused temporarily to cling more firmly to the surface of the filter leaves, so that parts of the cakes will not break away while the leaves are being lifted out. of the filter body. and the latter is being rolled into the position shown in Fig. 4.

One of the great advantages of my ine proved filter lies in the fact that filtration may be accomplished either with the filter easing in a vertical position, as shown in Fig. 1, or in a horizontal position. as shown in Fig. (i, or, in fact, in any desired variation or combination of these positions. l have found, in practice, that some materials filter much better with the leaves vertically disposed with reference to the filter casing. whereas other materials give better results when filtered with the leaves in a horizontal position. This filter combines in one structure the ahilityto filter in either way. Moreover, some materials during the process of filtration tend to settle more or less quickly to the bottom of the filter casing, and with them I find it desirable to carry on filtration in what may be termed the hour glass method. 'hen practising this form of filtration. the sludge. or liquid to be filtere may be introduced into the filter rasing when the latter is in an upright position. as shown in Fig. 1, and after filtration has thus proceeded. for an interval, the e'nire filter may be rotated through 180 degrees so that the material which has tended to settle at the bottom, is now at the top of the filter. This unending of the filter casing may be accomplished as often asis found desirable,.

the exact period depending of course upon the material being filtered and many other factors. such as the size of' the filter.

Having thus described my invention, Ir

1. In a filter, a easing having an open end, a removable head for the open end of the casing. a series of spaced and substantially parallel filter leaves carried b the head and normally extending longitudinally through the casing. means for supporting the casing` on an axis transverse to the casing and filter leaves, and means for rotating the casing about. the said axis during the filtering operation.

2. In 1|. filter, n wwing lim ing; im npc-n 11ml,

im im :mis lmnsvvro to thee using and lille?.

leave. mmm for rotating the casing about Lim Suhl zngiw, :and Hwang fm lifting 1' 1 el 1U lmul :mil lwax'i-h mi nf luf' fusing limi uw latlm in :m upright ymsition.

15. ha u. iltm', a .Pasing pi'm'ided with a howl. mvnns fm' rotatably appel-ting Said. i-:lhing :llmlzl n, Hanan-rw axi, a plurality if flltel loaves mmmll mi szlll l'iezul unil means for lifting said lwufl amil lter lvaws @est of the @wing whim tlu lat-ter i@ in :m upright position.

4. lh :L filter,` u Casing pro 'ided with a lwad, mums fm1' mtambly supporting Suid sing almm :a central transverse nxi, a umlilj.' u? lille? leaves. mounted on said .lead anll www 'fur lifting.; Said head nml iilm llame@ :mi (alf tl 'i fusing when the latr in :in uinfigll 1L ufluu.

[n :i lilfm', n mning provided with :-1 luzzul. wams fm' upporlgifig Sairl c ising:` belli n frzmswrsu axis and :1. plurality of liltfr lf2 es wingingly mounted un said llei'zlfl. y

l, lu :i filter, fi using provided with :i ln-ml (mi: l'llr rfstatalaly sugrjpmlling will Mimet n, mmh-:1l trzmswrs axis and n plm alli n? lir lenws a-wvlngingly nmmietfl "-5 mi :ariel lienfl.

a msing; iji'mf'ilad with n lfxeml. a plural ry uf illllx' lesivi-S fingingly mmm x. sind head mul means; for with head amil .lter leaves .5i-mn ith@ 4G 'swing 1:: UD.

ln :i lie" a c: ling provifiwfl il. l5: l lille?, n. prmiilvfl i" lie-ml, mening fm' rotatably suppmlir L? naifl r (mfg: :damit .fi commi trmlsvesw, axis n pluv ty n? lilier lauw-w1 Swingingly mmmtw' nu il lwiil uml nimm-; lo? lifting i i liu-lil :mal illm' lfzu'v ML m lheslug; whim. lli(- l'ler iL; in :1n upright position.

:i` plurality lvm ll lmmg siilnnl'inlly parallel lilliri 'bawue thm-M1155 uml means for mmmii'sag llm lirivm; within llw viewing mi :ir: lli mi nu l 31. l

ll'. ln :L lillvr, 'il f5: ing' plm-:lilly il Sul :trmially pui'nllvl fillmwww. lwivi. unil TU means for mollntiilg: auch lvzrlr l im llw {eas'lg sr.: as to sawing lilium. :1.11 am' im :ixis loczlnd :it the l-.ilgif mi illu lim?.

11". lin :1. filler. i` if ruig'. n plili'nlif if slilsmnt'lally pm'alll lil'vr lulu-5 ilu-win. and means for nwlmtingg moli limi within 313 the casing so as to Swing nlmil mi :ixis lu natal :il the 041g@ U' the imi li'. ln a. filler. a c Sing. a. purrsiifv (ai ml- Stanlially piunllvl film- )www lliifwill. :unl means for mounting muli lm? 'llin lw Pasing s@ zw tu :4 ing; @lumi :m luvzilml nl. lfx elgf Gf ille leal nflmim i1 .will lionel.

l. ln i; l'iltm'. a. cusixig mw `l will;V :i hflnfl` a plus'eility of ,-lisllsi'amtizi ssiizillel Film1' knives dnd, mmm# 'finir uni-inning *.llf- Sm leaws upon the lim-ul fm im? *liv mllvimml lkaves will swing alma] un .mm jmrfxilvl in the surface of the lmzl".

T55. In a fille?, :i c: .ling 1in-Milli@ with :i lwznl. n plurality rif gzsliwzimlizilly 'gmullvl 1m llm' have :md means fmmswnling; unf-,li leal upfm lille head ,m :ifs n; m r limit an am. S pm'nllfni tu lh@ Smfziw of am will'.

lri n liltur. fi. m

nl? their A, mufll wim.. fwn wl' fliepoint, inrliiilmg u :ifxifl lim Hmm-l lems uml having imams liliivlewl in mini-l- Uf uml ulivi point. inrlmling: connecting means und n silivnt yolic-s for engaging tho free ends of will lon VCS.

25, ln d. filter. n casing. trunnions for Supporling said mixing ai u ventral transverse :uns :nifl :i ronduit loading from n trunnion to :i point of the casing near one curl thereY of, anni :lt the bottom when the casing is in :i horizont-.ll position.

2li. In u filter, a cning provldod with al howl, means for rotatably Supporting said owing :about a transverse axis. a plurality of Iiltvr leaves mounted on said heads and moans for continuously rotating mid filter during,r filtration.

2T. In n filter, n casing1 filter members thernin. trimnions for rotatably Supporting sniil owing. said trunniom` boing providml with Svp-.mito pnsxngcs communicatingn sprotii'vly with the interior of the casing :md the intvrior of the filter momlicrs, pipos rotatably communicating with said pussngus and means for continuously rotating said raising.

ERNEST J. SVEETLAND. 

